Kinerja Kemandirian Keuangan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro (LKM) Berbasis Perempuan Studi Pada Wilayah Pesisir Kabupaten Tangerang
Keywords:
kinerja keuangan, non-performing loan, UMKM, perempuan perdesaan
Abstract
The one of the formal financial media that can reach (outreach) and welfare of poor rural communities is through MFIs (Microfinance Institutions). Of course, the MFI is the ‘healthy’ and financially independent. This study aims to reveal the performance of financial independence (MFIs semi-formal, especially the cooperative of the female members based) on the fishery area, North Tangerang, Banten. In addition, it also reveals the performance of MFIs in increasing the coverage to members. Hence, to address the issue of technical guidelines on the use of performance indicators (sustainability) of financial from regulation of the Minister of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises republic of Indonesia No. 20/Per/M.KUKM/XI/2008 and indicators organized by Ledgerwood (1999). The research found the fact that the MFI fishing communities (coastal) recorded the ‘healthy’category (KCP Pakuhaji = 93.40, KCP Mekar Baru = 85.90 and KCP Mauk = 79.90). In addition, the size of the financial health also seen a low level of bad debts (nonperforming loan) on a MFIs semi-formal members. The low nonperforming loan strongly associated with the institutional capacity to implement financing programs that already in the early design and is compatible with the wishes of the members.
References
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Peraturan Menteri (Permen) Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah RI nomor 20/Per/M.KUKM/XI/2008 tentang Pedomanan Penilaian Kesehatan Koperasi Simpan Pinjam (KSP) dan Unit Simpan Pinjam Koperasi (USP)
UU No 1 Tahun 2013 tentang Lembaga Keuangan Mikro
UU No. 20 Tahun 2008 tentang Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM).
Arsyad, L. 2008. Lembaga Keuangan Mikro: Institusi, Kinerja, dan Sustainibilitas. Penerbit: Andi, Yogyakarta.
Arsyad, L. 2005, An Assement of Performance and Sustainiblity of Microfinance Institutions: A Case Study of Village Credit Institutions in Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia. Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Social Sciences, Flinders University Adelaide, Australia
Biro Pusat Statistik, Propinsi Banten. 2009-2012, Laporan Statistik Pripinsi Banten. Serang. h. 40-45
CGAP. 1997. State-Owned Development Banks in Microfinance, Focus Note No. 10. Washington D.C.: Consultative Group to Assist the Poor.
Christen, R.B.,E Rhyne, & R. Vogel. 1995. Maximizing the Outreach of Microenterprise Finance: The Emerging Lesson of Successful Programs, Focus Note.2 Washington, D.C. CGAP.
Chowdhury, A. 2008. Women, Poverty and Empowerment: An Investigation into the Dark Side of Microfinance. Journal of Asian Affairs, Vol. 30, No. 2 : 16-29.
Creswell, J. 2009. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Sage, Los Angeles. USA.
Chaves, R & Gonzalez-Vega,. 1996. The Design of Successful Rural Financial Intermediaries: Evidence from Indonesia. Economics and Sociology Occasional Paper No. 2059. Rural Finance Program Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology. The Ohio State University. 2120 Fyffe Road Columbus, Ohio 43210-1099.
Devaney, P, Loubière & Rhyne. 2004. Supervision and Regulation in Microfinance: Lessons from Bolivia, Colombia and Mexico. Washington, D.C.: ACCION International.
Field, J. 2003, Modal Sosial (terjemahan: Social Capital, London, Routiedge, London), Penerbit: Kreasi Wacana, Yogyakarta.
Fukuyama,F. 2010. Trust: Kebaijkan Sosial dan Penciptaan Kemakmuran. Penerbit: Qalam Yoogyakarta (Cetakan Kedua). Yogyakarta.
Hartarska, V. 2009. The Impact of Outside Control in Microfinance . Journal of Managerial Finance Vol. 35 No. 12, pp. 87-95
Kabeer, N. 2008. Mainstreaming Gender in Social Protection for the Informal Economy. London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
Kereta, B.B. 2007. Outreach and Financial Performance Analysis of Microfinance Institutions in Ethiopia. African Economic Conference United Nations Conference Center (UNCC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: 15-17 November 2007.
Khandker, S. 1999. Fighting Poverty with Microcredit: Experience in Bangladesh. New York: Oxford University Press
Khandker, S. 2005. Microfinance and poverty: evidence using panel data from Bangladesh World Bank Economic Review, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 263-286.
Ledgerwood, J. 1999. Microfinance Handbook: An Institutional and Financial Perspective. Washington, DC, Banco Mundial.
Ledgerwood, J. 2009. Sustainable Banking with the Poor. Microfinance Handbook. An Institutional and Financial Perspective. The World Bank. Washington D.C. 20433, USA.
Leikem, K. 2012, Microfinance: A Tool for Poverty Reduction?. Senior Honors Projects. Paper 300. http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/srhonorsprog/300
Lennon, B & Richardson. 2002. Teaching Old Dogs New Tricks: The Commercialization of Credit Unions. The Commercialization of Microfinance: Balancing Business and Development. Bloomfield: Kumarian Press.
Mayoux, L. 1999. Questioning Virtuous Spiral: Micro-Finance and Women’s Empowerment in Africa. Journal of International Development, Vol. 23.p. 323-334
Meyer, R. L. 2012. Track record of financial. ADB Institute, Research Paper Series, (49), 1-35.
Rai, A & Anil, K,. 2011. Financial Performance of Microfinance Institutions: Bank vs NBFC. International Journal of Management and Strategy. Http://www.myresearchpie.com/ (IJMS) 2011, Vol. No.II, Issue II, January-June 2011. New Delhi. ISSN: 2231-0703. pp. 50-74
Rajivan, A. 2003, Credit and Women’s Empowerment: A Case Study Of SML (SHARE Microfinance Ltd.,)”, United Nations Development Program (UNDP).
Rosenberg, R. 1999. Measuring Microcredit Delinquency: Ratios Can Be Harmful to Your Health. Occasional Paper 3. Washington, D.C.: CGAP. http://www.cgap.org/p/site/c/template.rc/1.9.2698/
Rural Poverty Report 2011, International Fund for Agricultural Development Publications Rural Poverty Report 2011, IFAD (http://www.ifad.org/rpr2011/index.htm)
Schreiner, M.,&Yaron, J. 1999. Development Finance Institutions: Measuring Their Subsidy. Journal of Microfinance Risk Management. Vol. 24, p. 74-87
The World Bank, FAO, IFAD, 2009, Agriculture and Rural Development: Gender in Agriculture Sourcebook. Washington, DC.
The World Bank. 2011. Innovations in Microfinance. Washington, D.C: World Bank.
TRIAS Foundation Report. 2005. Performance Evaluation of MFIs, TRIAS training session, Brussels, January 2005.
Yaron, J, Benjamin, and Piprek. 1997. Rural Finance: Issues, Design, and Best Practices. Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Studies and Monographs Series 14. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
Yunus, M. & Alan Jolis. 1999. Banker to the Poor: Micro-Lending and the Battle against World Poverty, New York: Public Affair.
Yunus, M. 2007. Creating World Without Poverty. (terjemahan: Menciptakan Dunia Tanpa Kemiskinan), Penerbit: Gramedia Jakarta.
Women’s World Banking. 2005. Expert Group + 10: Building Domestic Financial Systems that Work for the Majority. New York: Women’s World Banking, April.
Peraturan Menteri (Permen) Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah RI nomor 20/Per/M.KUKM/XI/2008 tentang Pedomanan Penilaian Kesehatan Koperasi Simpan Pinjam (KSP) dan Unit Simpan Pinjam Koperasi (USP)
UU No 1 Tahun 2013 tentang Lembaga Keuangan Mikro
UU No. 20 Tahun 2008 tentang Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM).
